TTK-91 Compiler
This is my implementation of the TTK-91 Compiler in C.
Overview
First the soucre file is read and then fed into scanner.c produced by scanner.flex and
lexing is done. After lexing the tokens are parsed by parser.c given by parser.bison.
The parser will output an AST (Abstract Syntax Tree) which will be then transformed into an IR
(Intermediate Representation).
Scanner
The scanner reads through the whole file and splits it up into tokens according to the rules
defined in scanner.flex. The rules are made up of mostly regular expressions. Few notable
mentions are the comment token which matches everything after ; until the EOF (End Of File)
and label token which matches all words made up of letters in the Finnish alphabet + numbers + _
starting with a letter.
Parser
The parser matches the tokens given by scanner.c to rules given in parser.bison. The left side
represents a single non-terminal token and the right side represents all decompositions the
non-terminal can be. For example if we had rule expr: value TOKEN_PLUS value;, and
value: TOKEN_NUM; we could match all strings (assuming the scanner is normal) that have the from
x + y. We then could say that expr: value TOKEN_PLUS value { /* do C things */} and
feed the tokens to a function that creates a C representation of the same expression.
In the C block $n means the n-th tokens of the rule and $$ means the left side of the rule.
Example: value: TOKEN_NUM { $$ = $1; } means that that rule is equal to the first token of the
rule. Adding to that expr: value TOKEN_PLUS value { $$ = $1 + $3; } means that expr is equal to
both of the numbers added together. Read more about this from:
Introduction to Compilers and Language Design, Prof. Douglas Thain, Second Edition.
Types
TODO
Expr
expr represents basically a line. It can contain a normal instruction, compiler definition or
a comment.